When requests to Step Function fail, Workflow Service performs exponential backoff retries to notify Step Function service. Number of retries = 3 The total duration of all attempts doesn't exceed 10 seconds, the processing must not exceed the message visibility timeout.

private static final int MAX_RETRIES = 3;
private static final int RETRY_DELAY_MS = 2000;

private static int attempt = 0;
public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
  while (attempt < MAX_RETRIES) {
    attempt++;
    System.out.println("Attempting: " + attempt);
    Thread.sleep(RETRY_DELAY_MS * attempt);
  }
}